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    Privacy˙Terms˙
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    reference to

    US /ˈrɛfərəns tu/

    ・

    UK /ˈrefrəns tu:/

    B2
    n.NounA mention of something.
    His speech included a reference to the recent economic crisis.
    n.NounA source of information.
    The book contains many references to ancient texts.
    n.NounAn indirect or passing mention.
    The poem makes a subtle reference to Greek mythology.

    Video subtitles

    How Levi's Became a Denim Icon

    03:00How Levi's Became a Denim Icon
    • The phrase itself traces all the way back to the Renaissance and the French blue de jean, which was a reference to the blue fabrics imported from Italy.

      The phrase itself traces all the way back to the Renaissance and the French blue de jean, which was a reference to the blue fabrics imported from Italy.

    • back to the Renaissance in the French blue Tejon, which was a reference to the

      back to the Renaissance in the French blue Tejon, which was a reference to the

    B2

    Presentation Phrases & Public Speaking Advice | Business English Course Lesson 8

    10:01Presentation Phrases & Public Speaking Advice | Business English Course Lesson 8
    • For example, "As I said in the beginning, we might have a crisis on the horizon." The same goes for, "This relates to what I was saying earlier," or "This ties in with..." Emphasising a point: "The significance of this is..." or "This is important because..." or "We have to remember that..." Making reference to information: "Based on our findings..." or "Our data shows..." or "According to our study..." Explaining visuals: "I'd like to illustrate this point by showing you..." or "This chart shows a breakdown of..." A breakdown is often used in a presentation to show all of the smaller parts of something bigger.

      For example, "As I said in the beginning, we might have a crisis on the horizon." The same goes for, "This relates to what I was saying earlier," or "This ties in with..." Emphasising a point: "The significance of this is..." or "This is important because..." or "We have to remember that..." Making reference to information: "Based on our findings..." or "Our data shows..." or "According to our study..." Explaining visuals: "I'd like to illustrate this point by showing you..." or "This chart shows a breakdown of..." A breakdown is often used in a presentation to show all of the smaller parts of something bigger.

    • Making reference to information.

      Making reference to information.

    A2

    The 7 Things You Can Do to Make a Relationship Work

    04:23The 7 Things You Can Do to Make a Relationship Work
    • with reference to our pasts, why. We must  never insist proudly or defensively on our  

      with reference to our pasts, why. We must  never insist proudly or defensively on our  

    B1

    Banning smoking for life: BBC News Review

    07:58Banning smoking for life: BBC News Review
    • So, why is there a reference to food in this headline about smoking?

      So, why is there a reference to food in this headline about smoking?

    B2

    DeepSeek R1 - The Chinese AI "Side Project" That Shocked the Entire Industry!

    16:45DeepSeek R1 - The Chinese AI "Side Project" That Shocked the Entire Industry!
    • And this is in reference to the chart that we just talked about where it is a big threat to U.S. equity markets.

      And this is in reference to the chart that we just talked about where it is a big threat to U.S. equity markets.

    • And this is in reference to the chart that we just talked about where it is a big threat to U.S.

      And this is in reference to the chart that we just talked about where it is a big threat to U.S.

    B1

    The Story of: Gerhard Richter (1932–Today)

    19:49The Story of: Gerhard Richter (1932–Today)
    • Realism, and with reference to Socialist Realism, but also a label Richter wasn't too satisfied about. Richter was interested in current affairs, consumer society, new media and popular culture. He incorporated these elements into his painterly practice, depicting for instance televisions, design magazines, advertisements or political figures and events. This was the genesis of Richter's professional oeuvre, and photography was the starting point, something which used to be impossible with his academic background. He combined photography with his characteristic blurred effect, and immediately started to examine the relationship between both media, photography and painting, a true pillar within his artistic practice. The German artist was interested and fascinated by the dialectic relation between the objectivity and the subjectivity when painting photographs. For Richter, the photograph was the most perfect picture. He could eliminate conscious thinking, as the picture does not change, it is absolute, autonomous, unconditional and not linked to any style. With his blurred effect, he made everything equal, equally important and simultaneously equally unimportant. He was strongly drawn to depicting certain subjects from found photographic material. Think of military subjects, family portraits, images from newspapers or magazines. These selected images all have their very own narrative and motive to be painted, most often combining death or suffering, and its exploitation of death and suffering in media. From 1963 until 1964, Richter had his first exhibitions and commercial successes, collaborating with several galleries, and also collectors were starting to get really interested in his work and career. A landmark year for Gerhard Richter was 1966, for many reasons. The first, the birth of his daughter, Betty, whom he iconically painted in 1988. He also painted his wife

      Realism, and with reference to Socialist Realism, but also a label Richter wasn't too satisfied about. Richter was interested in current affairs, consumer society, new media and popular culture. He incorporated these elements into his painterly practice, depicting for instance televisions, design magazines, advertisements or political figures and events. This was the genesis of Richter's professional oeuvre, and photography was the starting point, something which used to be impossible with his academic background. He combined photography with his characteristic blurred effect, and immediately started to examine the relationship between both media, photography and painting, a true pillar within his artistic practice. The German artist was interested and fascinated by the dialectic relation between the objectivity and the subjectivity when painting photographs. For Richter, the photograph was the most perfect picture. He could eliminate conscious thinking, as the picture does not change, it is absolute, autonomous, unconditional and not linked to any style. With his blurred effect, he made everything equal, equally important and simultaneously equally unimportant. He was strongly drawn to depicting certain subjects from found photographic material. Think of military subjects, family portraits, images from newspapers or magazines. These selected images all have their very own narrative and motive to be painted, most often combining death or suffering, and its exploitation of death and suffering in media. From 1963 until 1964, Richter had his first exhibitions and commercial successes, collaborating with several galleries, and also collectors were starting to get really interested in his work and career. A landmark year for Gerhard Richter was 1966, for many reasons. The first, the birth of his daughter, Betty, whom he iconically painted in 1988. He also painted his wife

    • During one of their earliest shows, the group of friends seen as the German pop artists presented their own movement titled Capitalist Realism, a quick reference to Socialist Realism, but

      During one of their earliest shows, the group of friends seen as the German pop artists presented their own movement titled Capitalist Realism, a quick reference to Socialist Realism, but

    B1

    A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens Full Audiobook with Subtitles and Chapters

    17:28A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens Full Audiobook with Subtitles and Chapters
    • its situation in reference to himself, that the unseen eyes were looking at him keenly.

      its situation in reference to himself, that the unseen eyes were looking at him keenly.

    • his thoughtful quest, he fancied from the turn  of the hand, and its situation in reference to  

      his thoughtful quest, he fancied from the turn  of the hand, and its situation in reference to  

    B2

    Java Mock Interview | Interview Questions for Senior Java Developers

    19:07Java Mock Interview | Interview Questions for Senior Java Developers
    • If we have a copy of the object or a clone, and that object, uh, makes some reference to another one, the garbage collector won't delete them, right?

      If we have a copy of the object or a clone, and that object, uh, makes some reference to another one, the garbage collector won't delete them, right?

    • If we have a copy of the object or clone and that object makes some reference to another one, the garbage collector won't delete them, right?

      If we have a copy of the object or clone and that object makes some reference to another one, the garbage collector won't delete them, right?

    B1

    Rosé Takes a Lie Detector Test | Vanity Fair

    15:52Rosé Takes a Lie Detector Test | Vanity Fair
    • Benny Blanco once tweeted, last night I met my idols in reference to meeting you and Blackpink.

      Benny Blanco once tweeted, last night I met my idols in reference to meeting you and Blackpink.

    • Benny Blanco once tweeted, "Last night I met my idols," in reference to meeting you and Blackpink.

      Benny Blanco once tweeted, "Last night I met my idols," in reference to meeting you and Blackpink.

    A2

    The World of Khubilai Khan: A Revolution in Painting

    49:36The World of Khubilai Khan: A Revolution in Painting
    • It's very much a reference to antique painting styles, and therefore the story he's presenting is also a reference to one of China's great culture heroes.

      It's very much a reference to antique painting styles, and therefore the story he's presenting is also a reference to one of China's great culture heroes.

    • It's very much a reference to antique painting styles.

      It's very much a reference to antique painting styles.

    B2